Considerations for emission monitoring and liner analysis of thermally manufactured sewer cured-in-place-pipes (CIPP)

Kyungyeon Ra; Seyedeh Mahboobeh Teimouri Sendesi; Md Nuruddin; Nadezhda N Zyaykina; Emily N Conkling; Brandon E Boor; Chad T Jafvert; John A Howarter; Jeffrey P Youngblood; Andrew J Whelton

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.097

Considerations for emission monitoring and liner analysis of thermally manufactured sewer cured-in-place-pipes (CIPP)

J Hazard Mater. 2019 Jun 5:371:540-549. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.097. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Affiliations

¹ Division of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: kra@purdue.edu.
² Lyles School of Civil Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: steimour@purdue.edu.
³ School of Materials Engineering, 701 W Stadium Avenue, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: mnruruddin@purdue.edu.
⁴ Division of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA; Lyles School of Civil Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: nzyaykina@purdue.edu.
⁵ Division of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: conkling@purdue.edu.
⁶ Lyles School of Civil Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: bboor@purdue.edu.
⁷ Division of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA; Lyles School of Civil Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: jafvert@purdue.edu.
⁸ Division of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA; Lyles School of Civil Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: howarter@purdue.edu.
⁹ School of Materials Engineering, 701 W Stadium Avenue, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: jpyoungb@purdue.edu.
¹⁰ Division of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, 500 Central Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA; Lyles School of Civil Engineering, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 47907, IN, USA. Electronic address: awhelton@purdue.edu.

PMID: 30877867
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.097

Abstract

Cured-in-place-pipes (CIPP) are plastic liners chemically manufactured inside existing damaged sewer pipes. They are gaining popularity in North America, Africa, Asia, Europe, and Oceania. Volatile and semi-volatile organic compound (VOC/SVOC) emissions from storm sewer CIPP installations were investigated at a dedicated outdoor research site. Tedlar bag, sorbent tube, and photoionization detector (PID) air sampling was conducted for five steam-CIPP installations and was coupled with composite characterizations. New CIPPs contained up to 2.21 wt% volatile material and only 6-31% chemical mass extracted per CIPP was identified. Each 6.1 m [20 ft] liner contained an estimated 5-10 kg [11-22 lbs] of residual chemical. Extracted chemicals included hazardous air pollutants and suspected and known carcinogens that were not reported by others. These included monomers, monomer oxidation products, antioxidants, initiator degradation products, and a plasticizer. PID signals did not accurately represent styrene air concentration differing sometimes by 10s- to 1000s-fold. Multiple VOCs found in air samples likely affected PID responses. Styrene (>86.4 ppm_v) and methylene chloride (>1.56 ppm_v) air concentrations were likely greater onsite and phenol was also detected. Additional studies are needed to examine pollutant emissions so process monitoring can be improved, and environment impacts and associated human exposures can be minimized.

Keywords: Hazardous air pollutants; Plastic; SVOC; Styrene; VOC.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Grants and funding

CBET-1624183/National Science Foundation/International