Background and objectives: β-Carotene-15,15'-oxygenase (BCO1) is a key enzyme involved in carotenoid metabolism and has been linked with the development of coronary atherosclerosis. This study investigated the association between BCO1 polymorphisms and the risk of coronary atherosclerosis in dyslipidemia participants, and analyzed the influence of personal behaviors on coronary atherosclerosis.
Methods and study design: A nested case-control study was conducted from 2013 to 2016 in which 1359 dyslipidemia participants were recruited. Personal lifestyle parameters, mainly physical activities and diet, were obtained by questionnaires and the genotypes of rs11641677, rs11646692, rs12934922, rs6564851 and rs7501331 in BCO1 were analyzed by ligase detection reaction. In 2016, 166 participants were diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis and 498 age-and gendermatched controls were recruited. The association between BCO1 polymorphisms and risk of coronary atherosclerosis were analyzed with logistic regression, and the effect of gene-behaviors interaction on the risk of coronary atherosclerosis were determined with crossover analysis.
Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, logistic regression analysis showed that fried food intake (OR=1.637, 95% CI: 1.127~2.378; p=0.010), dessert intake (OR=1.733, 95% CI: 1.158~2.595; p=0.008), and physical activity (OR=0.511, 95% CI: 0.309~0.846; p=0.009) were risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis. Rs12934922 and rs11646692 reflected high susceptibility to coronary atherosclerosis. Crossover analysis indicated that rs12934922 and rs11646692 interacted with physical activity (Inter-OR=8.82; Inter-OR=3.69), fried food intake (Inter-OR=2.95; Inter-OR=2.36) and dessert intake (Inter-OR=3.95; Inter-OR=2.39) to influence the risk of coronary atherosclerosis.
Conclusions: In dyslipidemia patients, rs12934922 and rs11646692 may influence the development of coronary atherosclerosis. A combination of BCO1 polymorphisms and several behavioral factors may affect the development of coronary atherosclerosis.