Left atrial appendage occlusion in patients older than 85 years. Safety and efficacy in the EWOLUTION registry

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Elderly patients with atrial fibrillation are at greater risk of both cardioembolic events and major bleeding than younger patients. Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) could be an attractive alternative for these patients, but there are limited data on outcomes with LAAO in patients ≥ 85 years old. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of LAAO in patients ≥ 85 years old.

Methods: A total of 1025 patients included in the EWOLUTION registry who underwent LAAO were analyzed and 84 patients ≥ 85 years old were identified and compared with the younger cohort.

Results: Patients ≥ 85 years old had higher estimated stroke and hemorrhagic risks than younger patients (CHA₂DS₂-VASc: 5.2±1.2 vs 4.4±1.6, P <.0001; HAS-BLED: 2.7±1.1 vs 2.3±1.2; P=.003; ≥ 85 years vs <85 years). Procedural success was high and similar in both groups (98.8% vs 98.5%; P=.99). There were no differences in 7-day device- or procedure-related adverse event rates (2.6% in ≥ 85 years vs 3.1% in <85 years; P=.80). Despite the higher baseline stroke risk, there was no difference at follow-up between the groups in the annualized stroke rate (0.8/100 patient-years in ≥ 85 years vs 1.3/100 patient-years in <85 years; P=.649).

Conclusions: LAAO in patients ≥ 85 years is safe and effective even though these patients are at high risk for embolic and hemorrhagic events. LAAO may be a reasonable alternative to oral anticoagulation in these patients.

Keywords: Ancianos; Cierre de la orejuela izquierda; Efficacy; Eficacia; Elderly; Left atrial appendage occlusion; Safety; Seguridad.