Introduction: Identification of groups of patients or interventions with higher associated treatment costs may be beneficial in efforts to decrease the overall financial burden of glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. The authors' objective was to evaluate perioperative surgical treatment cost differences between elderly and nonelderly patients with GBM using the Value Driven Outcome (VDO) database.
Methods: The authors obtained data from a retrospective cohort of GBM patients treated surgically (resection or biopsy) at their institution from August 2011 to February 2018. Data were compiled using medical records and the VDO database.
Results: A total of 181 patients with GBM were included. Patients were grouped into age < 70 years at time of surgery (nonelderly; n = 121) and ≥ 70 years (elderly; n = 60). Costs were approximately 38% higher in the elderly group on average (each patient was mean 0.68% of total cohort cost vs. 0.49%, p = 0.044). Higher age significantly, but weakly, correlated with higher treatment cost on linear regression analysis (p = 0.007; R2 = 0.04). Length of stay was significantly associated with increased cost on linear regression (p < 0.001, R2 = 0.84) and was significantly longer in the elderly group (8.7 ± 11.3 vs. 5.2 ± 4.3 days, p = 0.025). The cost breakdown by facility, pharmacy, supply/implants, imaging, and laboratory costs was not significantly different between age groups. Elderly patients with any postoperative complication had 2.1 times greater total costs than those without complication (p = 0.094), 2.9 times greater total costs than nonelderly patients with complication (p = 0.013), and 2.3 times greater total costs than nonelderly patients without complication (p = 0.022).
Conclusions: GBM surgical treatment costs are higher in older patients, particularly those who experience postoperative complications.
Keywords: Cost analysis; Glioblastoma; Survival; Value driven outcomes.