Morbidity and Mortality of Total Gastrectomy: a Comprehensive Analysis of 90-Day Outcomes

J Gastrointest Surg. 2019 Jul;23(7):1340-1348. doi: 10.1007/s11605-019-04228-7. Epub 2019 May 6.

Abstract

Background: Total gastrectomy (TG) is a complex procedure that carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality and in which patients may experience post-operative sequelae well past the standard 30-day follow-up period. Large studies from high-volume centers with detailed 90-day follow-up data are needed to provide benchmarks for high-quality care for this complex procedure.

Methods: Single-institution, retrospective review of a comprehensive gastric cancer database of 148 patients undergoing curative intent TG from 2000 to 2017. Clinicopathologic and treatment factors were analyzed for their impact on 90-day outcomes.

Results: The median age of the cohort was 66 years, and 61% were male. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiation therapy were delivered to 32% and 11% of patients, respectively. Open and laparoscopic TG were performed in 93% (n = 137) and 7% (n = 11) of patients, respectively. Extended lymphadenectomy, pancreatectomy, and splenectomy were performed in 37%, 4.7%, and 19% of patients, respectively. The 30- and 90-day mortality rates were 2.0% and 3.4%, respectively. At least one 90-day complication was experienced by 43.9% (n = 65) of patients, and 14% (n = 21) experienced a Clavien-Dindo grade 3 or 4 complication. Anastomotic leak occurred in 5.4% (n = 8) of patients, half of which required an invasive intervention. Median length of stay was 8 days. The readmission rate was 22%, and most readmissions were due to dehydration and/or nutritional compromise.

Conclusions: This study defines 30- and 90-day post-operative outcomes after total gastrectomy in a high-volume center. These outcomes data are critical to the improvement of the informed consent process and as benchmarks for future quality improvement initiatives.

Keywords: Gastric cancer; Morbidity; Mortality; Outcomes; Total gastrectomy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anastomotic Leak / etiology
  • Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Female
  • Gastrectomy / adverse effects*
  • Gastrectomy / mortality*
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy
  • Patient Readmission
  • Postoperative Period
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stomach Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / therapy