Factors associated with unsuccessful follow-up in patients undertreated for gonorrhea and chlamydia infections

Am J Emerg Med. 2020 Apr;38(4):715-719. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.06.007. Epub 2019 Jun 4.

Abstract

Introduction: Neisseria gonorrhea (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) are two commonly encountered sexually transmitted infections in the Emergency Department (ED).

Methods: The study was a single-center, retrospective cohort of patients screened for GC/CT infections at an urban, academic medical center ED. Participants were identified through electronic medical record reports. Patients were excluded if they absconded, were discharged against medical advice, or had a chief complaint of sexual assault. Patients were classified as having tested positive or negative for GC/CT and further classified as having received adequate treatment, overtreatment, or undertreatment. The undertreatment group was further assessed for successful versus unsuccessful follow-up. The primary aim was to determine factors associated with unsuccessful follow-up in patients undertreated. Secondary aims included rate of overtreatment, rate of undertreatment, and method of contact in patients with successful follow-up.

Results: A total of 10,452 patients were included. Of the 456 undertreated patients, follow-up was successful in 425 (93.2%) patients and unsuccessful in 31 (6.8%) patients. No history of STIs was associated with a higher rate of unsuccessful follow-up in patients undertreated for GC/CT infections (52.9% versus 74.2%, difference = -21.3%, 95% CI -37.4%, -5.1%). Rate of overtreatment was 19.1%, and rate of undertreatment was 46.5%. Phone contact was the most frequent method of successful contact, which occurred in 98.6% of patients.

Conclusions: GC/CT infections continue to be overtreated in the ED. Based on this study, no history of prior sexually transmitted infections was associated with unsuccessful follow-up in patients undertreated for GC/CT infections after discharge from the ED.

Keywords: Chlamydia; Gonorrhea; Sexually transmitted diseases; Sexually transmitted infections.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aftercare / standards*
  • Aftercare / statistics & numerical data
  • Chicago
  • Chlamydia Infections / drug therapy*
  • Chlamydia Infections / psychology
  • Chlamydia trachomatis / drug effects
  • Chlamydia trachomatis / pathogenicity
  • Cohort Studies
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / organization & administration
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Gonorrhea / drug therapy*
  • Gonorrhea / psychology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae / drug effects
  • Neisseria gonorrhoeae / pathogenicity
  • Retrospective Studies