Background: A common-stem origin of lenticulostriate arteries (CS-LSAs) is an anatomical variation that supplies a moderate to large section of the basal ganglia. We hypothesized that CS-LSAs with a patent orifice are located at distal positions of the acute-occluded middle cerebral artery (MCA) and that the blood flow of CS-LSAs is supplied by pail arterial anastomoses and results in hypoperfusion of CS-LSAs, similar to a deep watershed (DWS) infarction.
Objective: Our study evaluated the possibility of CS-LSAs in patients with DWS infarction and MCA occlusion and also assessed the safety of endovascular therapy (ET) in these patients.
Methods: A cohort of consecutive patients with DWS infarction and MCA occlusion and in whom full recanalization via ET was achieved were identified. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of CS-LSAs observed during ET. In addition, radiological and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Thirty-three patients were included, and CS-LSAs were observed in 48.5% (16/33) of patients. The possibility (72.2%, 13/18) of CS-LSAs was high in patients with DWS infarction companied with basal ganglia infarction. A good clinical outcome was similar in patients with CS-LSAs and basal ganglia infarction and in patients without CS-LSAs and basal ganglia infarction (69.2% vs. 81.8%, P = 0.649).
Conclusions: The possibility of CS-LSAs was 48.5% in patients with DWS infarction and MCA occlusion, and the revascularization procedure was safe and feasible in these patients despite the moderate-to-large basal ganglia infarction.
Keywords: Common stem; Deep watershed infarction; Hypoperfusion; Lenticulostriate arteries; Middle cerebral artery occlusion.