Two dimensional carbon based nanocomposites as multimodal therapeutic and diagnostic platform: A biomedical and toxicological perspective

J Control Release. 2019 Aug 28:308:130-161. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.016. Epub 2019 Jul 13.

Abstract

Graphene based nanocomposites have revolutionized cancer treatment, diagnosis and imaging owing to its good compatibility, elegant flexibility, high surface area, low mass density along with excellent combined additive effect of graphene with other nanomaterials. This review inculcates the type of graphene based nanocomposites and their fabrication techniques to improve its properties as photothermal and theranostic platform. With decades' efforts, many significant breakthroughs in the method of synthesis and characterization in addition to various functionalization options of graphene based nanocomposite have paved a solid foundation for their potential applications in the cancer therapy. This work intends to provide a thorough, up-to-date holistic discussion on correlation of breakthroughs with their biomedical applications and illustrate how to utilize these breakthroughs to address long-standing challenges in the clinical translation of nanomedicines. This review also emphasizes on graphene based nanocomposites based toxicity concerns pertaining to delivery platforms.

Keywords: Drug and gene delivery; Gold graphene nanocomposites; Graphene based nanocomposites; Graphene quantum dots; Patent; Toxicity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carbon / chemistry
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Gene Transfer Techniques
  • Graphite / chemistry*
  • Graphite / toxicity
  • Humans
  • Nanocomposites / administration & dosage*
  • Nanocomposites / toxicity
  • Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Theranostic Nanomedicine

Substances

  • Carbon
  • Graphite