Catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia after tricuspid valve surgery in patients with congenital heart disease: A multicenter comparative study

Heart Rhythm. 2020 Jan;17(1):58-65. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.07.020. Epub 2019 Jul 23.

Abstract

Background: Tricuspid valve (TV) surgery is often required for adult congenital heart disease (ACHD), but may hinder catheter ablation when an artificial material or imbricated tissue covers the tricuspid annulus.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the outcomes of catheter ablation after TV surgery in a large ACHD cohort.

Methods: An international retrospective study involving 7 centers was conducted. Patients who did and did not undergo TV surgery were matched for age, lesion classification, and postsurgical duration. TV operations were classified as valve ring/replacement vs repair.

Results: One hundred thirty-six patients (42 ring/replacement, 39 repair, and 55 no TV surgery; median 32 years [IQR 20 - 46]) underwent 180 procedures targeting 239 tachycardias (cavotricuspid-isthmus dependent intraatrial reentrant tachycardia 36%, other intraatrial reentrant tachycardia 29%, focal atrial tachycardia 18%, and other supraventricular tachyarrhythmia 17%). Post-TV surgery, procedures were longer (4.3 hours vs 3.3 hours; P = .003) and required longer fluoroscopy time (31 minutes vs 18 minutes; P = .001). At least partial acute success was achieved in 81% of procedures in the TV ring/replacement group vs 94% in both TV repair and no TV surgery groups (P = .03). The difference was driven mainly by ablation of annular substrates, with acute success in 73% of TV ring/replacement, 92% of TV repair, and 94% of no TV surgery groups (P = .01). Over a median of 3.0 years, tachycardia recurred after 26% of procedures. TV ring/replacement predicted recurrence in the multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval 1.2-5.2; P = .009).

Conclusion: After surgery for ACHD, catheter ablation success was lower and tachycardia recurrence was higher after TV valve ring/replacement surgery. The findings of this retrospective report support future larger multicenter series and prospective evaluation to determine the role of empirical annular substrate ablation.

Keywords: Catheter ablation; Congenital heart disease; Ebstein’s anomaly; Ring annuloplasty; Tricuspid valve repair; Tricuspid valve replacement.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Catheter Ablation / methods*
  • Electrocardiography*
  • Female
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / diagnosis
  • Heart Defects, Congenital / surgery*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Postoperative Complications / etiology
  • Postoperative Complications / physiopathology
  • Postoperative Complications / surgery*
  • Prognosis
  • Reoperation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tachycardia, Supraventricular / etiology
  • Tachycardia, Supraventricular / physiopathology
  • Tachycardia, Supraventricular / surgery*
  • Tricuspid Valve / surgery*
  • Young Adult