Bleomycin use in the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL): toxicity and outcomes in the modern era

Leuk Lymphoma. 2020 Feb;61(2):298-308. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2019.1663419. Epub 2019 Sep 13.

Abstract

One-in-five Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) patients treated with bleomycin develop bleomycin pulmonary toxicity (BPT). Given bleomycin-omission data with negative interim-PET, we assessed changes in BPT statistics. We retrospectively evaluated 126 ABVD-treated HL patients for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), BPT factors, and management. Forty-seven patients developed BPT with 17% BPT-mortality. In univariable analysis, OS was negatively impacted by BPT (HR = 3.6, 95%CI = 1.2-10.6), but not bleomycin-omission (HR = 1.3, 95%CI = 0.5-3.7). In multivariable analysis, BPT was not associated with OS (HR = 3.0, 95%CI = 0.9-9.9). BPT patients were older (46 y vs 33 years) and received less bleomycin (107 vs 215 units) compared to non-BPT patients. BPT was managed primarily with bleomycin-omission. "Recent Era" patients had lower BPT rates (28% vs 48%), mortality (10% vs 21%), and bleomycin doses (7 vs 12 doses), yet higher bleomycin-omission in the absence of the BPT (59% vs 8%) compared to "Early Era". Our data suggest BPT continually impacts OS in ABVD-treated HL patients, however management is changing.

Keywords: ABVD; Hodgkin lymphoma; bleomycin; chemotherapy toxicity; lung toxicity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Bleomycin / adverse effects
  • Dacarbazine / therapeutic use
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Doxorubicin / therapeutic use
  • Hodgkin Disease* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vinblastine / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Bleomycin
  • Vinblastine
  • Dacarbazine
  • Doxorubicin