The Triglyceride and Glucose Index Is a Predictor of Incident Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Oct 7:2019:5121574. doi: 10.1155/2019/5121574. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

Background: The triglyceride and glucose index (TyG), defined as the product of triglycerides (TG) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), is reported as a surrogate index for insulin resistance. Although a cross-sectional study revealed the association between the TyG-index and the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), few studies have investigated the association between the TyG-index and incident NAFLD. Here we investigated whether the TyG-index can be used to predict incident NAFLD.

Methods: This historical cohort study included 16,093 apparently healthy Japanese individuals. The TyG-index was calculated by the established formula: TyG = Ln [TG (mg/dl) × FPG (mg/dl)/2]. Fatty liver was diagnosed based on the subjects' abdominal ultrasonography results. We divided the subjects into tertiles according to the levels of TyG-index. Hazard ratios (HRs) of the TyG-index for incident NAFLD were calculated by a Cox proportional hazards regression model.

Results: During the observation period, 27.4% of the men and 11.0% of the women developed NAFLD. The highest TyG-index tertile (men, 8.48 ≤ TyG and women, 7.97 ≤ TyG) (adjusted HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.44-1.94, p < 0.001 in the men and 2.06, 1.59-2.70, p < 0.001 in the women) and the middle TyG-index tertile (men, 8.00 < TyG ≤ 8.48 and women, 7.53 <TyG ≤7.97) (1.33, 1.15-1.54, p < 0.001 in the men and 1.52, 1.16-2.01, p < 0.001 in the women) presented a significantly higher risk of incident NAFLD compared to the lowest TyG-index tertile (men, TyG < 8.00 and women, TyG < 7.53).

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that the TyG-index is significantly associated with incident NAFLD.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Japan
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / blood*
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / diagnosis
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease / epidemiology*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • ROC Curve
  • Triglycerides / blood*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Triglycerides