Coronary angiography in the setting of acute infective endocarditis requiring surgical treatment

Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Jan;113(1):50-58. doi: 10.1016/j.acvd.2019.09.007. Epub 2019 Nov 13.

Abstract

Background: International guidelines recommend that preoperative coronary angiography is performed on patients at risk of coronary disease who have infective endocarditis requiring surgical treatment. However, the risks of contrast-induced nephropathy or vegetation embolization in case of aortic endocarditis should be considered.

Aims: To assess the safety, therapeutic implications and prognostic impact of coronary angiography in patients requiring surgical treatment for active infective endocarditis.

Methods: This retrospective monocentric study was conducted in patients referred to a tertiary care centre for active endocarditis management with a theoretical indication for surgery between January 2013 and February 2017.

Results: One hundred and ninety-three patients were included; 73.1% were men, the mean age was 61.9±16.3 years and the median EuroSCORE II was 5.8%. One hundred and nineteen patients (61.7%) had aortic endocarditis, which was associated with aortic vegetation in 74 cases (38.3%). Invasive coronary angiography was performed in 142 patients (73.6%) - 130 (91.6%) by radial approach - and 14 patients were evaluated by coronary multislice computed tomography (one patient had exploration with both techniques). Acute renal failure after coronary angiography was observed in 15 patients (10.6%), two patients (1.4%) presented a stroke within 24h after coronary angiography, but none had aortic endocarditis. Among the 178 patients (92.2%) who underwent surgery, 35 (19.7%) had significant coronary lesion(s) and 25 (14.0%) underwent an associated coronary artery bypass graft.

Conclusions: Preoperative coronary angiography in patients affected by infective endocarditis provides relevant information in a significant proportion of patients and can be performed safely.

Keywords: Complications; Coronarographie; Coronary angiography; Endocardite infectieuse; Infective endocarditis; Safety; Sécurité.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Computed Tomography Angiography* / adverse effects
  • Coronary Angiography* / adverse effects
  • Coronary Artery Disease / complications
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / surgery
  • Endocarditis / complications
  • Endocarditis / diagnostic imaging
  • Endocarditis / surgery*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multidetector Computed Tomography* / adverse effects
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome