Do women have an accurate perception of their pelvic floor muscle contraction? A cross-sectional study

Neurourol Urodyn. 2020 Jan;39(1):361-366. doi: 10.1002/nau.24214. Epub 2019 Nov 18.

Abstract

Aims: To assess women's self-perception of their pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contraction and its agreement with an assessed PFM contraction. Further, to assess a possible correlation between women's self-perception and reports of urinary incontinence (UI) and between PFM contraction and severity of UI.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study including 82 women. The study was conducted in a basic healthcare unit in Brazil. PFM contraction was assessed by a physiotherapist and estimated by women using the Modified Oxford Scale (MOS). UI symptoms were assessed using a validated questionnaire (ICIQ-UI-SF). A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. The weighted κ coefficient, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze data.

Results: Eighty-two women with a mean age of 46.83 (±17.94) were analyzed. The majority (98.8%) believed they were able to voluntarily contract their PFM, but only 33% correctly estimated their PFM considering the examiner assessment as reference. No agreement (κ = 0.139, P = .087) was found between the examiner's classification and the women's estimation of their PFM contraction. Women's self-perception did not correlate with the ICIQ-IU-SF (r's = .011, P = .922). A moderate negative correlation was found between the assessed PFM contraction and the ICIQ-UI-SF score (r's = -.406, P = .00).

Conclusion: Most of the women did not show an accurate self-perception of PFM contraction. No correlation between women's self-perception and the ICIQ-UI-SF score was found, but a negative correlation was found between the assessed PFM contraction and the ICIQ-UI-SF score.

Keywords: physiotherapy; self-perception; urinary incontinence; women's health.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Brazil
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle Contraction / physiology*
  • Pelvic Floor / physiology*
  • Pelvic Floor / physiopathology
  • Self Concept*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Urinary Incontinence / diagnosis*
  • Urinary Incontinence / physiopathology