Sex differences in implantable cardiac defibrillator therapy according to arrhythmia detection times

Heart. 2020 Apr;106(7):520-526. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315650. Epub 2019 Dec 11.

Abstract

Objective: In implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs), long-detection times safely reduce unnecessary and inappropriate therapies. We aimed to evaluate ICD treatment of ventricular arrhythmias in women, compared with men, also taking into account ICD detection.

Methods: The Advance III trial randomised patients implanted with an ICD for primary or secondary prevention in two arms-long and nominal ventricular arrhythmias detection times before therapy delivering (number of intervals needed to detect (NID) 30/40 and 18/24, respectively). The main endpoint of this post hoc analysis was the incidence of ICD therapies evaluated through Kaplan-Meier method and univariate Cox regression models.

Results: Overall, 1902 patients (304 women, 65±11 years) were randomised. Women showed a lower risk of ICD therapy (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.93, p=0.022); this difference was observed only in the long-detection arm (HR 0.37, p=0.013) and not in the short detection arm (HR 0.82, p=0.414). No significant sex differences were observed concerning inappropriate therapies and mortality rate. Long-detection settings significantly reduced overall ICD therapies and appropriate ICD therapies, both in women (overall HR 0.31, p=0.007; appropriate HR 0.33, p=0.033) and in men (overall HR 0.69, p=0.006; appropriate HR 0.73, p=0.048).

Conclusions: In patients with ICDs, the strategy of setting a long-detection time to treat ventricular arrhythmias (NID 30/40) reduces overall delivered therapies, both in women and men, when compared with nominal setting (NID 18/24). The reduction was significantly higher in women. Overall, women were less likely to experience ICD therapies than men; this result was only observed in the long-detection arm.

Clinical trial registration: NCT00617175.

Keywords: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; implanted cardiac defibrillators; ventricular fibrillation; ventricular tachycardia.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / diagnosis
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / therapy*
  • Defibrillators, Implantable*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Sex Factors
  • Single-Blind Method
  • Time Factors

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00617175