Case Report: Acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (Seidlmayer purpura) - a dramatic presentation for a benign disease

F1000Res. 2019 Oct 17:8:1771. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.20645.1. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

We present a case of an 11-month-old girl who was referred to our unit for an erythematous rash that appeared on the face and extremities. Personal and family history was not relevant. Laboratory tests were normal. During recovery, diameter and colour intensity of the cutaneous lesions increased, but after some weeks, lesions had a self-limited resolution without any treatment. Based on clinical and laboratory findings, a diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy (AHEI) was made. AHEI is a rare cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis that usually affects children aged between 4 and 24 months. Etiology is unknown but almost of 75% of cases are preceded by infectious episodes, vaccinations or use of medications. In contrast to the dramatic cutaneous eruption, clinical conditions are usually optimal. Classically, AHEI is characterized by a triad of symptoms: fever, edema and purpura. Skin lesions are erythematous, annular, medallion-like, purpuric plaques that have a rapid onset and appear on the face and extremities, sparing trunk and mucosal membranes. Initially interpreted as a variant of Henoch-Schönlein purpura, now it is considered a distinct disease. In the majority of cases the disease is benign and self-limited without a visceral involvement, so a conservative approach is most often chosen.

Keywords: Seidlmayer purpura; children; edema; erythematous rash; leukocytoclastic vasculitis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Edema / complications
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / complications
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Purpura* / complications
  • Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous* / complications
  • Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous* / diagnosis

Grants and funding

The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work.