Comparison of self-rated oral symptoms and periodontal status among cigarette smokers and individuals using electronic nicotine delivery systems

J Am Coll Health. 2020 Oct;68(7):788-793. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1709476. Epub 2020 Jan 29.

Abstract

Objective: The aim was to compare the self-rated oral symptoms (OS) and clinical and radiographic periodontal status among cigarette smokers and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) users.Participants: Self-reported cigarette smokers and electronic cigarette and JUUL users were included.Methods: Self-rated OS and demographic data were recorded. Clinical attachment loss (AL), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), number of missing teeth, and bleeding on probing (BOP) were determined. p Values<.05 were deemed significant.Results: Bad breath (p<.001) and pain in gums (p<.001) were more often reported by cigarette-smokers than ENDS users. Compared with never-smokers, pain in teeth (p<.001), bad-breath (p<.001), and pain in gums (p<.001) were higher among cigarette smokers. There was no significant difference in pain in teeth, bleeding gums, bad breath, and pain in gums when JUUL users were compared with never-smokers and electronic cigarette users. PI (p<.05) and PD (p<.05) were increased in cigarette smokers than ENDS users and never-smokers.Conclusions: Pain in teeth and gums are more often perceived by cigarette smokers than electronic cigarette and JUUL users and never-smokers.

Keywords: Alveolar bone loss; cigarette smoking; electronic nicotine delivery systems; periodontal attachment loss; surveys and questionnaires.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cigarette Smoking / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Oral Health / statistics & numerical data*
  • Periodontal Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Periodontal Index
  • Smokers
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Students
  • Universities
  • Vaping / epidemiology*