Clinical importance of late gadolinium enhancement at right ventricular insertion points in otherwise normal hearts

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2020 May;36(5):913-920. doi: 10.1007/s10554-020-01783-y. Epub 2020 Feb 6.

Abstract

Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) has an established prognostic value in otherwise normal hearts, when detected with a subepicardial or intramyocardial pattern; nevertheless, the clinical relevance of isolated right ventricular insertion point (RVIP) LGE is yet to be defined. From a retrospectively identified cohort of 2000 consecutive patients undergoing CMR, we selected 420 patients according to study's inclusion and exclusion criteria (270 males, mean age 38 ± 17 years) with apparently normal hearts: besides 36 patients with non-ischemic pattern LGE (other-LGE group), we found isolated RVIP-LGE in 44 patients and absence of LGE (no-LGE group) in 340 patients. Clinical follow-up was performed for a median of approximately 6 years. Primary composite endpoint included cardiac death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and appropriate implantable cardiac defibrillator shock. Prevalence of cardiac events was significantly lower in RVIP-LGE than in the other-LGE group (p = 0.006). Kaplan Meier curve analysis demonstrated no significant differences between patients with RVIP-LGE and no-LGE for the primary endpoint. On contrast, patients with other-LGE had worse prognosis than those with RVIP-LGE or no-LGE (p < 0.0001). RVIP-LGE in subjects without additional evidence of cardiac damage does not convey worse prognosis when compared to subjects without LGE and it should not be considered a marker of disease. Its diagnostic and prognostic significance is to be considered irrelevant.

Keywords: Cardiomyopathy; Junctional fibrosis; Late gadolinium enhancement; Magnetic resonance imaging; Prognosis; Right ventricular insertion points.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / diagnostic imaging*
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / mortality
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / physiopathology
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / therapy
  • Contrast Media / administration & dosage*
  • Defibrillators, Implantable
  • Electric Countershock / instrumentation
  • Female
  • Gadolinium / administration & dosage
  • Heart Arrest / mortality
  • Heart Arrest / therapy
  • Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging*
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology
  • Heterocyclic Compounds / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organometallic Compounds / administration & dosage*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Resuscitation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Ventricular Function, Right
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • Heterocyclic Compounds
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • gadoteridol
  • Gadolinium