Cap Analysis of Gene Expression (CAGE): A Quantitative and Genome-Wide Assay of Transcription Start Sites

Methods Mol Biol. 2020:2120:277-301. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0327-7_20.

Abstract

Cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) is an approach to identify and monitor the activity (transcription initiation frequency) of transcription start sites (TSSs) at single base-pair resolution across the genome. It has been effectively used to identify active promoter and enhancer regions in cancer cells, with potential utility to identify key factors to immunotherapy. Here, we overview a series of CAGE protocols and describe detailed experimental steps of the latest protocol based on the Illumina sequencing platform; both experimental steps (see Subheadings 3.1-3.11) and computational processing steps (see Subheadings 3.12-3.20) are described.

Keywords: CAGE; Enhancer; Promoter activity; Promoter-level expression analysis; TSS; Transcription initiation; Transcription start site; eRNA.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Gene Expression
  • Genomics / methods*
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Transcription Initiation Site*
  • Transcriptional Activation*