How do reproductive age women perceive breast cancer screening in Ethiopia? A qualitative study

Afr Health Sci. 2019 Dec;19(4):3009-3017. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v19i4.22.

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer remains one of the deadliest non-communicable diseases in the world. In Ethiopia, breast cancer accounts for 33.4% of total cancer diagnosis in women.

Objective: This study aims to explore perception about breast screening behavior among reproductive age women.

Methods: This qualitative study was conducted as a baseline to identify gaps to design interventions that will enhance breast screening uptake among reproductive age women. Six focus group discussions and 9 in-depth interviews were conducted with women and health workers respectively. Semi-structured questions were used. Data analysis was analyzed by Atlas.ti. 7 and the ideas were put in direct quotation and narration.

Results: Lack of awareness is the preceding problem for self-susceptibility to breast cancer as well as for having breast screening. Majority of women thought that the cause of breast cancer was a sin (supernatural power). Self-efficacy and cues to action were the most important correlates of the perception owing to fear of socio-cultural stigma and discrimination.

Conclusion: All health belief model constructs identified a critical problem for adaptation of behavior. Therefore, this gives the opportunity to design and develop community-based intervention and explore new intervention mechanism with an accurate method.

Keywords: Behavior; Ethiopia; breast; perception; qualitative data.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Attitude to Health
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Breast Neoplasms / psychology*
  • Early Detection of Cancer / psychology*
  • Early Detection of Cancer / statistics & numerical data*
  • Ethiopia
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening / psychology*
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data*
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / psychology*
  • Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Qualitative Research
  • Young Adult