Using magnetic particle imaging systems to localize and guide magnetic hyperthermia treatment: tracers, hardware, and future medical applications

Theranostics. 2020 Feb 10;10(7):2965-2981. doi: 10.7150/thno.40858. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) treatment makes use of a suspension of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, administered systemically or locally, in combination with an externally applied alternating magnetic field, to ablate target tissue by generating heat through a process called induction. The heat generated above the mammalian euthermic temperature of 37°C induces apoptotic cell death and/or enhances the susceptibility of the target tissue to other therapies such as radiation and chemotherapy. While most hyperthermia techniques currently in development are targeted towards cancer treatment, hyperthermia is also used to treat restenosis, to remove plaques, to ablate nerves and to alleviate pain by increasing regional blood flow. While RF hyperthermia can be directed invasively towards the site of treatment, non-invasive localization of heat through induction is challenging. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the field of RF magnetic fluid hyperthermia and introduce a new diagnostic imaging modality called magnetic particle imaging that allows for a focused theranostic approach encompassing treatment planning, treatment monitoring and spatially localized inductive heating.

Keywords: Magnetic Nanoparticles; Magnetic Particle Imaging; RF hyperthermia; RF treatment monitoring; RF treatment planning; Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles; Theranostics; hyperthermia; in vivo Tracking; magnetic fluid hyperthermia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Neoplasms / therapy
  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible
  • Diagnostic Imaging / instrumentation
  • Diagnostic Imaging / methods*
  • Equipment Design
  • Ferric Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Ferric Compounds / analysis*
  • Forecasting
  • Humans
  • Hyperthermia, Induced / instrumentation
  • Hyperthermia, Induced / methods*
  • Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
  • Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles / analysis*
  • Magnetics / instrumentation
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / therapy
  • Radiofrequency Therapy / methods*
  • Theranostic Nanomedicine / methods*

Substances

  • Coated Materials, Biocompatible
  • Ferric Compounds
  • ferric oxide