The surgical management of sarcomas of the chest wall: A 13-year single institution experience

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2020 Aug;73(8):1448-1455. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.02.036. Epub 2020 Mar 4.

Abstract

Introduction: Chest wall sarcomas are rare. Resection and reconstruction pose significant anatomical and functional challenges. We present our experience of managing these tumours as plastic surgeons working within a specialist sarcoma MDT.

Methods: All cases of chest wall sarcoma in which a plastic surgeon took part were analysed (2003-2016). Tumours of the breast, abdomen and groin were excluded. Demographics, surgical details and outcomes were analysed.

Results: Forty-seven patients were identified. Median age at presentation was 61 years (range 7-91). Thirty-three were male and 14 were female. Chondrosarcoma (n = 16) was the most frequently occurring tumour, followed by myxofibrosarcoma (n = 6), leiomyosarcoma (n = 5) and unclassified sarcomas (n = 5). The majority of tumours were of high (n = 16) or intermediate grade (n = 17) histologically. Wide local excision was carried out in all cases. Twenty-two cases required a mesh and cement reconstruction of the chest wall. Soft tissue reconstruction involved pedicled LD flap +-skin graft (n = 17), direct closure (n = 13), pedicled VRAM (n = 7), free ALT flap (n = 6), and others (n = 4). Clear resection margins were achieved in 32 patients (68%). Fourteen patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy and four adjuvant chemotherapy. Nine patients (19%) developed a local recurrence, and the median duration from resection to recurrence was 17 months (range 3-72). Nine patients (19%) developed metastasis. Eleven patients died (23.4%), and the median duration of survival 30 months (range 3-92). Thirty-six patients remain well, with a median duration of follow up 57.5 months (range 6-141). Estimated 5 year disease specific survival is 74.2%.

Conclusion: Plastic surgeons have a vital role in the management of chest wall sarcomas. We present a reconstructive algorithm, which has enabled us to achieve good oncological and functional outcomes and a low complication profile .

Keywords: Chest wall; Reconstruction; Sarcoma.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sarcoma / surgery*
  • Thoracic Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Thoracic Wall / surgery*