Selective PP2A Enhancement through Biased Heterotrimer Stabilization

Cell. 2020 Apr 30;181(3):688-701.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.038. Epub 2020 Apr 20.

Abstract

Impairment of protein phosphatases, including the family of serine/threonine phosphatases designated PP2A, is essential for the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer. The ability of PP2A to dephosphorylate hundreds of proteins is regulated by over 40 specificity-determining regulatory "B" subunits that compete for assembly and activation of heterogeneous PP2A heterotrimers. Here, we reveal how a small molecule, DT-061, specifically stabilizes the B56α-PP2A holoenzyme in a fully assembled, active state to dephosphorylate selective substrates, such as its well-known oncogenic target, c-Myc. Our 3.6 Å structure identifies molecular interactions between DT-061 and all three PP2A subunits that prevent dissociation of the active enzyme and highlight inherent mechanisms of PP2A complex assembly. Thus, our findings provide fundamental insights into PP2A complex assembly and regulation, identify a unique interfacial stabilizing mode of action for therapeutic targeting, and aid in the development of phosphatase-based therapeutics tailored against disease specific phospho-protein targets.

Keywords: B56α; PP2A; SMAP; c-Myc; cancer; cryo-EM; phosphatase; small molecule.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Enzyme Activators / metabolism
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Heterografts
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Models, Molecular
  • Multiprotein Complexes / metabolism
  • Protein Phosphatase 2 / chemistry
  • Protein Phosphatase 2 / metabolism*
  • Protein Subunits

Substances

  • Enzyme Activators
  • Multiprotein Complexes
  • PPP2R5A protein, human
  • Protein Subunits
  • Protein Phosphatase 2