Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis: Long-Term Results

J Arthroplasty. 2020 Sep;35(9):2573-2580. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.04.071. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Abstract

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common inflammatory spondyloarthropathy with hip involvement in 40% of patients. With the recent interest in the hip-spine interplay, the purpose of this study was to define the long-term outcomes of revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the setting of AS.

Methods: 174 hips in patients with AS treated with revision THA from 1969 to 2016 were identified. Mean age at revision THA was 53 years and 76% were male. Cumulative incidences of any re-revision, reoperation, and dislocation were calculated using a competing risk analysis. Mean follow-up was 13 years.

Results: The cumulative incidence of any re-revision after index revision THA was 7% at 5 years and 36% at 20 years. Cumulative incidence of any reoperation was 9% at 5 years and 38% at 20 years. Cumulative incidence of dislocation was 6% at 5 years and 8% at 20 years. Revision THAs performed with contemporary implants (2000-2016) had a lower but statistically nonsignificant cumulative incidence of any re-revision when compared with historical implants (before 2000) at 5 years (5% vs 8%), 10 years (11% vs 18%), and 15 years (11% vs 38%) (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95% confidence interval, 0.17-1.33; P = .016).

Conclusion: In this large series of 174 revision THAs in patients with AS, the cumulative incidence of dislocation was 8% at 20 years. The 20-year cumulative incidence of any re-revision was 36%, which is similar to reported rates in patients with comparable demographic features without AS.

Level of evidence: Level IV.

Keywords: ankylosing spondylitis; dislocation; hip; revision THA; spine.

MeSH terms

  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Hip Prosthesis* / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Prosthesis Failure
  • Reoperation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Spondylitis, Ankylosing* / epidemiology
  • Spondylitis, Ankylosing* / surgery