High-Efficiency CRISPR/Cas9 Mutagenesis of the white Gene in the Milkweed Bug Oncopeltus fasciatu s

Genetics. 2020 Aug;215(4):1027-1037. doi: 10.1534/genetics.120.303269. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Abstract

In this manuscript, we report that clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 is highly efficient in the hemipteran Oncopeltus fasciatus The white gene is well characterized in Drosophila where mutation causes loss of eye pigmentation; white is a reliable marker for transgenesis and other genetic manipulations. Accordingly, white has been targeted in a number of nonmodel insects to establish tools for genetic studies. Here, we generated mutations in the Of-white (Of-w) locus using CRISPR/Cas9. We found that Of-w is required for pigmentation throughout the body of Oncopeltus, not just the ommatidia. High rates of somatic mosaicism were observed in the injected generation, reflecting biallelic mutations, and a high rate of germline mutation was evidenced by the large proportion of heterozygous G1s. However, Of-w mutations are homozygous lethal; G2 homozygotes lacked pigment dispersion throughout the body and did not hatch, precluding the establishment of a stable mutant line. Embryonic and parental RNA interference (RNAi) were subsequently performed to rule out off-target mutations producing the observed phenotype and to evaluate the efficacy of RNAi in ablating gene function compared to a loss-of-function mutation. RNAi knockdowns phenocopied Of-w homozygotes, with an unusual accumulation of orange granules observed in unhatched embryos. This is, to our knowledge, the first CRISPR/Cas9-targeted mutation generated in Oncopeltus While we were unable to establish white as a useful visible marker for Oncopeltus, these findings are instructive for the selection of visible markers in nonmodel species and reveal an unusual role for an ortholog of a classic Drosophila gene.

Keywords: CRISPR; Hemiptera; Oncopeltus; emerging model organism; pigmentation; white.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CRISPR-Cas Systems*
  • Eye Color / genetics*
  • Female
  • Gene Editing*
  • Hemiptera / genetics
  • Hemiptera / physiology*
  • Insect Proteins / genetics*
  • Insect Proteins / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mutagenesis*

Substances

  • Insect Proteins