Return to Sport Following Adolescent Concussion: Epidemiologic Findings From a High School Population

Orthopedics. 2020 Jul 1;43(4):e306-e310. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20200521-03. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Abstract

High school athletes sustaining a concussion require careful attention when determining return-to-sport (RTS) readiness. The purpose of this study was to determine epidemiological and RTS data of a large cohort of high school athletes who sustained 1 or more concussions. Records of 357 consecutive youth patients who sustained concussions and presented to a single health care system between September 2013 and December 2016 were reviewed. Demographic data, RTS, and concussion-related variables were obtained via chart review. Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) scores at baseline and following concussions were performed by neuropsychologists. The average age at injury was 15.5 years (range, 14-18 years), 61.9% of patients were male, 6.7% reported a loss of consciousness, and 14.3% reported amnesia, requiring 30.4±23.3 days of recovery prior to RTS. The most common sport of injury was football (27.7%). There was a high incidence of previous concussion (33.1%), and 32 athletes sustained a recurrent concussion. A multivariate model demonstrated that females, players with a history of concussion, and those diagnosed in-clinic rather than in-game required increased time to RTS. Memory ImPACT scores were found to increase as players had recurrent concussions. Visual motor speed and reaction time scores decreased with recurrent concussions. [Orthopedics. 2020;43(4):e306-e310.].

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Athletic Injuries / diagnosis*
  • Athletic Injuries / epidemiology
  • Athletic Injuries / physiopathology
  • Athletic Injuries / psychology
  • Brain Concussion / diagnosis*
  • Brain Concussion / epidemiology
  • Brain Concussion / physiopathology
  • Brain Concussion / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Michigan / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Recurrence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Return to Sport / statistics & numerical data*
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Youth Sports / injuries*