COVID-19 Pandemic: Knowledge and Perceptions of the Public and Healthcare Professionals

Priyanka A Parikh; Binoy V Shah; Ajay G Phatak; Amruta C Vadnerkar; Shraddha Uttekar; Naveen Thacker; Somashekhar M Nimbalkar

doi:10.7759/cureus.8144

COVID-19 Pandemic: Knowledge and Perceptions of the Public and Healthcare Professionals

Cureus. 2020 May 15;12(5):e8144. doi: 10.7759/cureus.8144.

Authors

Priyanka A Parikh¹, Binoy V Shah¹, Ajay G Phatak², Amruta C Vadnerkar³, Shraddha Uttekar⁴, Naveen Thacker⁵, Somashekhar M Nimbalkar^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, IND.
² Central Research Services, Bhaikaka University, Karamsad, IND.
³ Department of Public Health, Child Health Foundation, Gandhidham, IND.
⁴ Department of Public Health, International Pediatric Association, Gandhidham, IND.
⁵ Department of Pediatrics, Deep Children Hospital, Gandhidham, IND.

Abstract

Background and objective The recent pandemic due to the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a major concern for the people and governments across the world due to its impact on individuals as well as on public health. The infectiousness and the quick spread across the world make it an important event in everyone's life, often evoking fear. Our study aims at assessing the overall knowledge and perceptions, and identifying the trusted sources of information for both the general public and healthcare personnel. Materials and methods This is a questionnaire-based survey taken by a total of 1,246 respondents, out of which 744 belonged to the healthcare personnel and 502 were laypersons/general public. There were two different questionnaires for both groups. The questions were framed using information from the World Health Organization (WHO), UpToDate, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Center for Disease Control (CDC), National Institute of Health (NIH), and New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) website resources. The questions assessed awareness, attitude, and possible practices towards ensuring safety for themselves as well as breaking the chain of transmission. A convenient sampling method was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics [mean(SD), frequency(%)] were used to portray the characteristics of the participants as well as their awareness, sources of information, attitudes, and practices related to SARS-CoV-2. Results The majority (94.3%) of the respondents were Indians. About 80% of the healthcare professionals and 82% of the general public were worried about being infected. Various websites such as ICMR, WHO, CDC, etc., were a major source of information for the healthcare professional while the general public relied on television. Almost 98% of healthcare professionals and 97% of the general public, respectively, identified 'Difficulty in breathing" as the main symptom. More than 90% of the respondents in both groups knew and practiced different precautionary measures. A minority of the respondents (28.9% of healthcare professionals and 26.5% of the general public) knew that there was no known cure yet. Almost all respondents from both the groups agreed on seeking medical help if breathing difficulty is involved and self-quarantine if required. Conclusion Most healthcare professionals and the general public that we surveyed were well informed about SARS-CoV-2 and have been taking adequate measures in preventing the spread of the same. There is a high trust of the public in the government. There are common trusted sources of information and these need to be optimally utilized to spread accurate information.

Keywords: covid 19; covid-19 india; healthcare provider; infection control measures; knowledge mapping; lockdown; public health and safety; sars-cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus -2).