Targeting mitochondria in melanoma: Interplay between MAPK signaling pathway and mitochondrial dynamics

Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Aug:178:114104. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114104. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

Abstract

Melanoma is a malignant proliferative disease originated in melanocytes, characterized by high metastatic activity and by the activation of oncogenes, such as B-RAF (40-60% of cases). Recent studies have shown that vemurafenib (a MAPK inhibitor) promoted disturbance of mitochondrial bioenergetics, although underlying mechanisms are not fully comprehended. Here we showed that MAPK inhibition by vemurafenib in B-RAFV600E-mutated human melanoma culminated in the inhibition of DRP1 phosphorylation, associated to a large mitochondrial network remodeling to the hyperfused phenotype, and increased oxidative phosphorylation capacity. Such alterations may be associated to melanoma resistance to vemurafenib, since the impairment of oxidative phosphorylation increased the vemurafenib cytotoxicity. These results point to the potential of mitochondrial dynamics as a targetable pathway in melanoma.

Keywords: B-RAF mutation; MAPK signaling; Melanoma; Mitochondrial Dynamics; Vemurafenib.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / genetics
  • Dynamins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Dynamins / genetics
  • Dynamins / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Humans
  • Melanocytes / drug effects
  • Melanocytes / metabolism
  • Melanocytes / pathology
  • Mitochondria / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics / drug effects*
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics*
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy
  • Mutation
  • Oxidative Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Phosphorylation / drug effects
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Vemurafenib / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Vemurafenib
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • DNM1L protein, human
  • Dynamins