Clinical characteristics of acute respiratory syndrome with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children in South China

Pediatr Pulmonol. 2020 Sep;55(9):2419-2426. doi: 10.1002/ppul.24921. Epub 2020 Jul 3.

Abstract

Background: A retrospective study was conducted to summarize the clinical information of childhood infections during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic.

Methods: Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection in 11 hospitals from three provinces of South China were included in the study. Clinical information was collected and compared with children and adults infected by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan.

Results: In total, 52 children were enrolled, including 28 boys. The median age was 9 years (interquartile range [IQR], 4-12); 44.2% cases were of clustered occurrences, 40.4% patients had fever, 48.1% had cough, and 46.2% had a high lymphocyte count. No abnormalities were found in the liver and kidney function. Also, 82.7% of patients received antiviral therapy, but such therapy did not shorten the time to virus negativity or hospital stay (P = .082). The time to virus negativity was 12.0 days (IQR, 8.0-16.8) and hospital stay was 14.5 days (IQR, 10.3-17.9). Compared with reports in Wuhan, there were more acute upper respiratory tract infection (AURTI) and fewer pneumonia cases (P = .000). Compared with the non-ICU adult COVID-19 in Wuhan, these children's diseases were relatively mild, with fewer complications.

Conclusions: Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection had a mild fever, lymphocyte elevation was more common than reduction, and antiviral treatment had no obvious effect. The overall clinical manifestations were mild, and the prognosis was good.

Keywords: 2019-nCoV; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; children.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • COVID-19 Drug Treatment*
  • COVID-19 Testing
  • COVID-19* / diagnosis
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19* / immunology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • China / epidemiology
  • Cough / diagnosis
  • Cough / drug therapy
  • Cough / epidemiology
  • Cough / immunology
  • Epidemics
  • Female
  • Fever / diagnosis
  • Fever / drug therapy
  • Fever / epidemiology
  • Fever / immunology
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Length of Stay
  • Lymphocyte Count
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents