Outcomes after primary intensity-modulated radiation therapy for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma at a New Zealand regional cancer centre: Impact of p16 status

Cancer Rep (Hoboken). 2018 Jun;1(1):e1001. doi: 10.1002/cnr2.1001. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

Abstract

Introduction: The rising incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in New Zealand is due to an increase in the numbers of human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated OPSCC. We evaluated the impact of positive p16 immunohistochemistry, as a surrogate for HPV positivity, on OPSCC outcomes after primary intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with or without concurrent chemotherapy.

Methods: Retrospective review was undertaken of electronic medical records of 90 patients with OPSCC who received primary IMRT with or without chemotherapy between 2008 and mid-2015 at the Regional Cancer Centre, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand.

Results: Median age was 57.5 years. Immunohistochemistry for p16 was positive in 53 (59%) OPSCC while 37 (41%) had negative or unknown p16 status. Median radiotherapy dose was 70 Gy. Chemotherapy was administered to 78 (87%) patients, most receiving high-dose cisplatin. Nine patients had residual disease following treatment completion. Seven patients relapsed, and 26 died during the study period. Five patients with p16-positive OPSCC had persistent or recurrent disease. Actuarial 3-year locoregional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival for all patients were 80.7%, 74.7%, and 77.1%, respectively. Among p16-positive OPSCC patients, 3-year locoregional control, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 89.5%, 80.8%, and 90.9%, respectively.

Conclusion: Outcomes after IMRT for OPSCC at Waikato Hospital are in line with the reported literature. Human papilloma virus-related OPSCC has better outcomes compared with patients with unknown or HPV-unrelated OPSCC. Trials are underway evaluating reduced intensity of treatment for HPV-related OPSCC.

Keywords: chemoradiotherapy; intensity‐modulated; oropharyngeal cancer; p16 (INK4A); radiotherapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
  • Chemoradiotherapy / methods
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / analysis
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy / methods
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / epidemiology*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / virology
  • New Zealand / epidemiology
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / virology
  • Oropharynx / pathology
  • Oropharynx / virology
  • Papillomavirus Infections / diagnosis
  • Papillomavirus Infections / mortality
  • Papillomavirus Infections / therapy*
  • Papillomavirus Infections / virology
  • Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / methods*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck / diagnosis
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck / mortality
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck / therapy*
  • Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck / virology

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • CDKN2A protein, human
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16
  • Cisplatin