Comparing glucose and urea enzymatic electrochemical and optical biosensors based on polyaniline thin films

Anal Methods. 2020 Sep 14;12(34):4199-4210. doi: 10.1039/d0ay01018a. Epub 2020 Aug 13.

Abstract

Analytical sensors that can detect chemical (including biological) analytes are becoming increasingly widespread within the field of analytical chemistry. More than this, in a world tending towards the 'internet-of-things', the miniaturization of such devices is becoming increasingly urgent. Accordingly, electrochemical methods that are simultaneously multiplexable and effective at a miniature scale are receiving much attention. In the present work, we compare the label-free electrochemical response of enzymatic biosensors with the response of their optical counterpart. As a proof-of-concept we compare the electrochemical impedimetric response and the first time described capacitive response of enzymatic biosensors to their optical reflectance response (measured in the visible region using a portable handset spectrophotometer). The target was the detection of glucose and urea. The chemical platform of the sensors was composed of enzymatically functionalized polyaniline thin films. Sensitivity, linearity, and the limit of detection were analyzed for both electrochemical and optical instrumental settings. We found that the impedimetric/capacitive electrochemical setup produced a response that was of a similar quality to the optical response (sensitivities of 10.7 ± 0.7, 7.4 ± 0.7 and 4.3 ± 0.2% per decade for impedimetric, capacitive and optical glucose biosensors, respectively) with a broader linear range (10-4 to 10-1 mol L-1 for both glucose and urea biosensors) and similar limit-of-detection in the range of 1 μmol L-1 within a relevant and practical diagnosis range for biomedical applications.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aniline Compounds
  • Biosensing Techniques*
  • Electrochemical Techniques
  • Glucose*
  • Urea

Substances

  • Aniline Compounds
  • polyaniline
  • Urea
  • Glucose