Lower extremity prism adaptation in individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

Abstract

Background: Emerging research has proposed a growing reliance on visual processing during motor performance in individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Reconstructed individuals display increased activation of visual processing areas during task execution and exhibit dramatic performance decrements when vision is completely removed, however the effect of visual information manipulation on performance remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine how manipulation of visual information changes performance in persons with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Methods: Twenty-one persons with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction and 21 matched healthy adults reached to a target with the toe of the involved limb 50 times while wearing prism goggles that vertically shifted their visual field. Toe kinematics were collected to quantify endpoint error and reaching behavior.

Findings: Statistical analyses failed to detect significant differences, evidencing both groups performed similarly with respect to endpoint error, movement duration, peak and maximum endpoint velocities, and initial direction error.

Interpretation: When provided inaccurate information via a visual field perturbation, both groups demonstrated comparable adaptation and post-adaptation behavior. These results suggest this sample of persons with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction are able to effectively integrate information across sensory systems as well as non-injured individuals.

Keywords: ACL; Adaptation; Lower extremity; Prism; Visuomotor.