Phase Separation in Cell Division

Joseph Y Ong; Jorge Z Torres

doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2020.08.007

Phase Separation in Cell Division

Mol Cell. 2020 Oct 1;80(1):9-20. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.08.007. Epub 2020 Aug 28.

Authors

Joseph Y Ong¹, Jorge Z Torres²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
² Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: torres@chem.ucla.edu.

Abstract

Cell division requires the assembly and organization of a microtubule spindle for the proper separation of chromosomes in mitosis and meiosis. Phase separation is an emerging paradigm for understanding spatial and temporal regulation of a variety of cellular processes, including cell division. Phase-separated condensates have been recently discovered at many structures during cell division as a possible mechanism for properly localizing, organizing, and activating proteins involved in cell division. Here, we review how these condensates play roles in regulating microtubule density and organization and spindle assembly and function and in activating some of the key players in cell division. We conclude with perspectives on areas of future research for this exciting and rapidly advancing field.

Keywords: cell division; membraneless compartments; microtubule-based spindle; phase separation; phase-separated condensates.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Cell Division*
Chromosomes / metabolism
Humans
Meiosis
Microtubules / metabolism
Spindle Apparatus / metabolism

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding