Objective: To reconstruct a three-dimensional model of female urinary system based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tomography angiography (CTA) data.
Methods: MRI and CTA datasets were collected from 20 patients in our department in 2018 for reconstructing 3D models of the bladder urethra in resting state using Mimics19.0 software combined with engineering software. The metric parameters of the bladder urethra were analyzed in the reconstructed 3D model.
Results: The bladder and urethra were successfully reconstructed using 10 MRI datasets, and the kidney, ureter and bladder were reconstructed using 10 CTA datasets. Using engineering software, we measured a number of cysto-urethral geometric parameters, including the cysto-urethral posterior angle (151.1±17.9°), beta angle (137.3±14.0°), urethral pubic angle (47.8± 12.1°), urethral tilt angle (21.5±7.3°), alpha angle (83.8±13.8°), the posterior pubic space (15.3±3.0 mm), and the urethral striated muscle thickness (2.6±0.6 mm).
Conclusions: Three-dimensional reconstruction of the anatomical model of the human urinary system provides a platform for studying the fine anatomy of the female urinary system and allows measurement of multiple parameters to better understand the functional differences of the bladder and urethra in different populations.
目的: 探索女性泌尿系统三维模型的构建方法及意义。
方法: 收集2018年于南方医科大学南方医院妇科就诊患者的MRI及CT影像数据，选取采用妇科常用扫描序列进行扫描的MRI及CT数据集各10套，利用Mimics19.0软件对不同数据集的女性泌尿系统进行三维重建，并联合工程学软件，探索对膀胱尿道可进行测量的指标。
结果: 10套MRI数据集均成功构建膀胱及尿道，而10套CT数据集成功构建双肾、输尿管及膀胱。联合工程学软件，诸多膀胱尿道相关的几何参数可被测量，本研究中膀胱尿道后角：151.1±17.9°、β角：137.3±14.0°、尿道耻骨角：47.8±12.1°、尿道倾斜角：21.5±7.3°、α角：83.8±13.8°、耻骨后间隙：15.3±3.0 mm、尿道横纹肌厚度：2.6±0.6 mm。
结论: 计算机三维重建技术能够直观再现人体泌尿系统三维解剖形态，提供女性泌尿系统精细解剖的三维研究的平台，通过多项径线和角度的测量，可为将来研究不同人群泌尿系统精细解剖及功能的差异提供技术基础。
Keywords: anatomy; bladder; computed tomography; geometric parameters; kidney; magnetic resonance; three-dimensional reconstruction; urethra.