Single prognostic cut-off value for admission glycemia in acute myocardial infarction has been used although high-risk stems from hyperglycemia as well as from hypoglycemia (a narrative review)

Abstract

All original articles and meta-analysis use the single cut-off value to distinguish high-risk hyperglycemic from other acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. The mortality rate is 3.9 times higher in non-diabetic AMI patients with admission glycemia ≥6.1mmol compared to normoglycemic non-diabetic AMI patients. On the other hand, admission hypoglycemia in AMI is an important predictor of mortality. Because both admission hypo- and hyperglycemia correspond to higher in-hospital mortality, this graph is recognized as "J or U shaped curve". The review suggests two cut-off values for admission glycemia for risk assessment in AMI instead of single one because hypoglycemia as well as hyperglycemia represents a high-risk factor.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction; Cut-off value; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia.