Viremia copy-years and risk of estimated glomerular filtration rate reduction in adults living with perinatal HIV infection

PLoS One. 2020 Oct 15;15(10):e0240550. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240550. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Among people with perinatal HIV infection (PHIV), non-communicable diseases, such as chronic kidney disease, are increasing. Both HIV replication and antiretroviral therapy are recognised causes of renal impairment. Objective of the study is to describe the impact of viremia copy-years (VCY) and antiretroviral therapy on trend of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in a cohort of adults with perinatal HIV infection. We conducted a multicentre observational study in sixty adults living with PHIV across a 9-year period, from January 2010 to December 2018. The mean values of eGFR were analysed at the first (T0) and last year of observation (T1). VCY was defined as the area under HIV-RNA curve during the study period. We analysed data according to antiretroviral therapy: tenofovir disoproxil (TDF), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI), boosted protease inhibitors (PI/b), integrase inhibitors (INI). We observed a mean overall eGFR reduction from 126.6 mL/min (95%CI: 119.6-133.5) to 105.0 mL/min (95%CI: 99.55-110.6) (p<0.001). Older age, higher baseline eGFR, higher VCY and longer exposure to INI treatment were associated with eGFR reduction at univariate analysis. In the multivariate model, older age (p = 0.039), baseline eGFR (p<0.001) and VCY (p = 0.069), were retained. We also observed a longer exposure to PI/b and INI in patients with lower control on HIV-RNA, expressed as VCY>2 log10. Our study outlines a progressive eGFR reduction in young adults with PHIV, related to the lower control on HIV-RNA VCY and related to aging.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anti-HIV Agents / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate / drug effects
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate / physiology
  • HIV / genetics
  • HIV / isolation & purification
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections / transmission
  • HIV Infections / virology
  • Humans
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • RNA, Viral / isolation & purification
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology*
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / etiology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / physiopathology
  • Risk Factors
  • Viral Load
  • Viremia / complications*
  • Viremia / diagnosis
  • Viremia / drug therapy
  • Viremia / virology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • RNA, Viral

Grants and funding

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.