Molecular detection and characterization of Carnivore chaphamaparvovirus 1 in dogs

Vet Microbiol. 2020 Dec:251:108878. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108878. Epub 2020 Oct 1.

Abstract

Canine chaphamaparvovirus (CaChPV) is a newly recognised parvovirus discovered by metagenomic analysis during an outbreak of diarrhoea in dogs in Colorado, USA, in 2017 and more recently detected in diarrhoeic dogs in China. Whether the virus plays a role as canine pathogen and whether it is distributed elsewhere, in other geographical areas, is not known. We performed a case-control study to investigate the possible association of CaChPV with enteritis in dogs. CaChPV DNA was detected both in the stools of diarrhoeic dogs (1.9 %, 3/155) and of healthy animals (1.6 %, 2/120). All the CaChPV-infected dogs with diarrhea were mixed infected with other enteric viruses such as canine parvovirus (formerly CPV-2), canine bufavirus (CBuV) and canine coronavirus (CCoV), whilst none of the asymptomatic CaChPV positive animals resulted co-infected. The nearly full-length genome and the partial capsid protein (VP) gene of three canine strains, Te/36OVUD/19/ITA, Te/37OVUD/19/ITA and Te/70OVUD/19/ITA, were reconstructed. Upon phylogenetic analyses based on the NS1 and VP aa sequences, the Italian CaChPV strains tightly clustered with the American reference viruses. Distinctive residues could be mapped to the deduced variable regions of the VP of canine and feline chaphamaparvoviruses, considered as important markers of host range and pathogenicity for parvoviruses.

Keywords: Canine chaphamaparvovirus 1; Dogs; Enteric samples; Parvoviridae.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Capsid Proteins / genetics
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Diarrhea / veterinary*
  • Diarrhea / virology
  • Dog Diseases / virology*
  • Dogs / virology
  • Feces / virology
  • Genome, Viral*
  • Host Specificity
  • Italy
  • Parvoviridae Infections / diagnosis
  • Parvoviridae Infections / veterinary*
  • Parvoviridae Infections / virology
  • Parvovirus, Canine / classification*
  • Parvovirus, Canine / isolation & purification
  • Pets / virology
  • Phylogeny
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Capsid Proteins
  • NS1 protein, parvovirus
  • Viral Nonstructural Proteins