Heart transplant outcomes in patients with mechanical circulatory support: cold storage versus normothermic perfusion organ preservation

Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2021 Apr 8;32(3):476-482. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa280.

Abstract

Objectives: Patients with mechanical circulatory support bridged to a heart transplant (HTx) are at higher risk of postoperative graft dysfunction. In this subset, a mode of graft preservation that shortens graft ischaemia should be beneficial.

Methods: The outcomes of 38 patients on mechanical circulatory support (extracorporeal life support, left ventricular assist device and biventricular assist device) who received a HTx between 2015 and 2020 were analysed according to the method of graft preservation: cold storage (CS) group, 24 (63%) or ex vivo perfusion (EVP) group, 14 (37%).

Results: The median age was 57 (range 30-73) vs 64 (35-75) years (P = 0.10); 88% were men (P = 0.28); extracorporeal life support was more frequent in the CS group (54% vs 36%; P = 0.27) versus left ventricular and biventricular assist devices in the EVP group (46% vs 64%; P = 0.27). Clamping time was shorter in the EVP group (P < 0.001) and ischaemic time >4 h was higher in the CS group (P = 0.01). Thirty-day mortality was 13% (0-27%) in the CS group and 0% (P = 0.28) in the EVP group. A significantly lower primary graft failure [7% (0-23%) vs 42% (20-63%); P = 0.03] was observed in the EVP group. Survival at 1 year was 79 ± 8% (63-95%) in the CS group and 84 ± 10% (64-104%) in the EVP group (P = 0.95).

Conclusions: Our results support the use of ex vivo graft perfusion in patients on mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to a HTx. This technique, by shortening graft ischaemic time, seems to improve post-HTx outcomes.

Keywords: Ex vivo perfusion; Heart transplantation; Mechanical circulatory support; Organ Care System.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cryopreservation / methods*
  • Extracorporeal Circulation / methods
  • Extracorporeal Circulation / trends
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / methods*
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / trends
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Transplantation / methods*
  • Heart Transplantation / trends
  • Heart-Assist Devices / trends
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organ Preservation / methods*
  • Organ Preservation / trends
  • Perfusion / methods*
  • Perfusion / trends
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome