Effects of Yue-Bi-Tang on water metabolism in severe acute pancreatitis rats with acute lung-kidney injury

Abstract

Background: The complications acute lung injury and acute kidney injury caused by severe inflammation are the main reasons of high mortality of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). These two complications can both lead to water metabolism and acid-base balance disorders, which could act as additional critical factors affecting the disease trend. Aquaporins (AQPs), which can regulate the transmembrane water transport, have been proved to participate in the pathophysiological process of SAP and the associated complications, such as acute lung injury and acute kidney injury. Thus, exploring herbs that can effectively regulate the expression of AQP in SAP could benefit the prognosis of this disease.

Aim: To determine whether Yue-Bi-Tang (YBT) can regulate the water metabolism in rats with severe acute pancreatitis via regulating the expression of aquaporins.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups, sham operation group (SOG), model group (MG), and treatment group (TG). SAP was induced with 3.5% sodium taurocholate in the MG and TG. Rats in the TG were administered with YBT while SOG and MG rats were given the same volume of saline. Blood and tissue samples were harvested to detect serum inflammatory cytokines, histopathological changes, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase in the lung, and protein and mRNA expression of kidney injury molecule-1, α-smooth muscle actin, and vimentin in the kidney, and AQP1 and 4 in the lung, pancreas, and kidney.

Results: The serum interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor α, and creatinine levels were higher in the MG than in the SOG. Tumor necrosis factor α level in the TG was lower than that in the MG. Malondialdehyde level in lung tissues was higher than in the SOG. The pathological scores and edema scores of the pancreas, lung, and kidney tissues in the MG were all higher than those in the SOG and TG. The protein expression of AQP4 in lung tissues and AQP1 in kidney tissues in the MG were higher than those in the SOG and TG. The expression of vimentin was significantly higher in the MG than in the SOG. The expression of AQP1 mRNA in the lung and kidney, and AQP4 mRNA in the kidney was up-regulated in the MG compared to the SOG.

Conclusion: YBT might regulate water metabolism to reduce lung and kidney edema of SAP rats via decreasing AQP expression, and alleviate the tissue inflammatory injury.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Acute lung injury; Aquaporins; Sever acute pancreatitis; Water metabolism; Yue-Bi-Tang.