Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among health care workers in a country with low burden of COVID-19

PLoS One. 2020 Dec 3;15(12):e0243025. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243025. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Greece is a country with limited spread of SARS-CoV-2 and cumulative infection attack rate of 0.12% (95% CI 0.06-0.26). Health care workers (HCWs) are a well-recognized risk group for COVID-19. The study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in a nosocomial setting and assess potential risk factors.

Methods: HCWs from two hospitals participated in the study. Hospital-1 was a tertiary university affiliated center, involved in the care of COVID-19 patients while hospital-2 was a tertiary specialized cardiac surgery center not involved in the care of these patients. A validated, CE, rapid, IgM/IgG antibody point-of-care test was used. Comparative performance with a reference globally available assay was assessed.

Results: 1,495 individuals consented to participate (response rate 77%). The anti-SARS-CoV-2 weighted prevalence was 1.26% (95% CI 0.43, 3.26) overall and 0.53% (95% CI 0.06, 2.78) and 2.70% (95% CI 0.57, 9.19) in hospital-1 and hospital-2, respectively although the study was underpowered to detect statistically significant differences. The overall, hospital-1, and hospital-2 seroprevalence was 10, 4 and 22 times higher than the estimated infection attack rate in general population, respectively. Suboptimal use of personal protective equipment was noted in both hospitals.

Conclusions: These data have implications for the preparedness of a second wave of COVID-19 epidemic, given the low burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection rate, in concordance with national projections.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • COVID-19 / diagnosis
  • COVID-19 / epidemiology*
  • COVID-19 Serological Testing / statistics & numerical data*
  • Female
  • Greece / epidemiology
  • Health Personnel / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged

Grants and funding

Gilead Hellas (https://www.gilead.com/utility/global-operations/europe/greece/greek) has funded the study with a grant bearing an approval code number GR-515-03.2020 after the approval by the Gilead Hellas Grants Committee at the colloquy of March 23d, 2020. Recipient of the grant was Hellenic Scientific Society for the Study of AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. AH was the Principal Investigator. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.