Intestinal Antibody Responses to 2 Novel Live Attenuated Type 2 Oral Poliovirus Vaccines in Healthy Adults in Belgium

J Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 24;226(2):287-291. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa783.

Abstract

In a blinded phase 1 trial (EudraCT 2017-0000908-21; NCT03430349) in Belgium, healthy adults (aged 18-50 years) previously immunized exclusively with inactivated poliovirus vaccine were administered a single dose of 1 of 2 novel type 2 oral poliovirus vaccines (nOPV2-c1: S2/cre5/S15domV/rec1/hifi3 (n = 15); nOPV2-c2: S2/S15domV/CpG40 (n = 15)) and isolated for 28 days in a purpose-built containment facility. Using stool samples collected near days 0, 14, 21, and 28, we evaluated intestinal neutralization and immunoglobulin A responses to the nOPV2s and found that nOPV2-c1 and nOPV2-c2 induced detectable poliovirus type 2-specific intestinal neutralizing responses in 40.0% and 46.7% of participants, respectively.

Keywords: eradication; intestinal antibodies; live attenuated vaccine; mucosal immunity; poliovirus.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antibody Formation
  • Belgium
  • Feces
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Poliomyelitis*
  • Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated
  • Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral
  • Poliovirus*
  • Vaccines, Attenuated
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated
  • Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral
  • Vaccines, Attenuated