Biliary tract cancers(BTC),including gallbladder cancer and cholangiocarcinoma,has the characteristics of low early diagnosis rate,complex anatomy,insensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and poor prognosis.In recent years,immunotherapy as a new method,has made great progress in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors.Immunotherapy is gradually applied in the treatment of BTC,such as inhibitory agents targeting the immune checkpoint receptor pathway,adoptive immunotherapy and tumor vaccines.
胆道恶性肿瘤主要包括胆囊癌和胆管癌，具有早期诊断率低、解剖复杂、对放化疗不敏感、预后差等特点。近年来，免疫治疗作为一种新的方法在治疗晚期恶性肿瘤过程中取得了良好效果，以免疫检查点抑制剂、过继细胞治疗、肿瘤疫苗等为代表的免疫治疗也正在胆道恶性肿瘤中进行初步探索。.