Development of an enzyme-enhancer system to improve laccase biological activities

Int J Biol Macromol. 2021 Mar 15:173:99-108. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.068. Epub 2021 Jan 15.

Abstract

The present investigation reports an in-vitro study using combination of laccase and an enhancer capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms, preventing biofilm formation, and whitening teeth. Laccase-cinnamic acid system remarkably inhibited the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Candida albicans, S. aureus, and Streptococcus mutans whilst showed no significant effects on Gram-negative bacteria. Data presented that cinnamic acid (10 mM) with laccase (0.125 U ml-1) led to a maximum decrease of about 90%, in S. mutans biofilm formation. The confocal laser scanning microscopy showed considerable detachment of S. mutans cells from glass substratum. The combined laccase-cinnamic acid system could remove teeth discoloration caused by coffee. SEM of the teeth surface exhibited no damages such as surface cracking or fracture. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies showed that laccase can catalyze the one-electron oxidation of cinnamic acid to the respective radical. This radical can then undergo several fates, including recombination with another radical to form a dimeric species, dismutation of the radical back to cinnamic acid or decarboxylation to give various reduced oxygen species. Therefore, the redox potential values of phenolic monomers/oligomers are related with their biological activities.

Keywords: Cinnamic acid; Enhancer; Laccase.

MeSH terms

  • Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / drug effects*
  • Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / growth & development
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Biofilms / drug effects
  • Biofilms / growth & development
  • Caffeic Acids / pharmacology
  • Candida albicans / drug effects
  • Candida albicans / growth & development
  • Catechols / pharmacology
  • Cinnamates / pharmacology*
  • Drug Synergism
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Escherichia coli / growth & development
  • Fungal Proteins / isolation & purification
  • Fungal Proteins / pharmacology*
  • Gallic Acid / pharmacology
  • Hericium / chemistry*
  • Hericium / enzymology
  • Hydroquinones / pharmacology
  • Laccase / isolation & purification
  • Laccase / pharmacology*
  • Lactobacillus / drug effects
  • Lactobacillus / growth & development
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / drug effects
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa / growth & development
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Staphylococcus aureus / growth & development
  • Streptococcus mutans / drug effects
  • Streptococcus mutans / growth & development
  • Tooth Bleaching Agents / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Caffeic Acids
  • Catechols
  • Cinnamates
  • Fungal Proteins
  • Hydroquinones
  • Tooth Bleaching Agents
  • cinnamic acid
  • Gallic Acid
  • Laccase
  • catechol
  • caffeic acid
  • hydroquinone

Supplementary concepts

  • Hericium erinaceus