Abstract
Oenothera biennis L. is a perennial herb distributed across America, Asia, and Europe. The pharmacological effect of Oenothera biennis L. stem is poorly understood. We demonstrated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced the high production of inflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in peritoneal macrophages (PMs) were significantly inhibited by the crude extract The inflammation related signaling extra cellular signal-regulated ERK, P38 of MAPK and NF-kappaB (NF-κB) activated by LPS dramatically inhibited. In conclusion, our results suggested that the stems of Oenothera biennis L. possess a high anti-inflammatory property, thus, can be used in the industrial production of medicinal products as the raw material in the future.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
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Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
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Cytokines / metabolism
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Dinoprostone / metabolism
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Inflammation / chemically induced
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Inflammation / drug therapy*
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Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
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Interleukin-1beta / metabolism
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Interleukin-6 / metabolism
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Macrophages, Peritoneal / drug effects
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Macrophages, Peritoneal / metabolism
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism*
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NF-kappa B / metabolism*
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Nitric Oxide / metabolism
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
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Oenothera biennis / chemistry*
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Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
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Plant Stems / chemistry*
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Signal Transduction / drug effects*
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
Substances
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Anti-Inflammatory Agents
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Cytokines
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Inflammation Mediators
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Interleukin-1beta
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Interleukin-6
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Lipopolysaccharides
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NF-kappa B
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Plant Extracts
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Nitric Oxide
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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Cyclooxygenase 2
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Dinoprostone