Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings After Intravitreal Ranibizumab in Patients With Coats Disease

Gilda Cennamo; Daniela Montorio; Chiara Comune; Maria Paola Laezza; Matteo Fallico; Maria Elena Lionetti; Michele Reibaldi

doi:10.3389/fmed.2020.615015

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings After Intravitreal Ranibizumab in Patients With Coats Disease

Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Jan 21:7:615015. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.615015. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Gilda Cennamo¹, Daniela Montorio², Chiara Comune², Maria Paola Laezza², Matteo Fallico³, Maria Elena Lionetti⁴, Michele Reibaldi⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
² Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
⁴ Department of Pediatrics, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
⁵ Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.

Abstract

The aim of this retrospective study was to describe the vascular features in eyes with Coats disease, using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), at baseline and after 3 monthly intravitreal injections of ranibizumab. Fifteen eyes of 15 consecutive patients affected by Coats' disease were recruited in this study. All patients underwent the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) evaluation, fundus examination, fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), multicolor imaging, structural Spectral Domain (SD)-OCT and OCTA at baseline and 1 month after the third monthly ranibizumab injection (loading phase). Fifteen patients completed the study, of whom nine were males and six females. Mean age was 20.4 ± 2 years. BCVA was 0.46 ± 0.11 logMar and 0.47 ± 0.12 logMar at baseline and after treatment, respectively (p = 0.164). SD-OCT revealed no significant decrease in central macular thickness (486.33 μm ± 93.37 at baseline vs. 483.4 μm ± 80.97 after treatment; p = 0.915). The subretinal exudates persisted in macular region after intravitreal injections. OCTA showed a general vascular rarefaction in superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and choriocapillary (CC) that did not change after loading phase. This study showed no functional and vascular improvement following 3 monthly ranibizumab injections. OCTA, non-invasive technique, could be useful during follow up of these patients and provide a better understand of pathogenesis of this disorder.

Keywords: Coats disease; OCTA; SD-OCT; anti-VEGF injections; retinal vascular features.