Assessment of Freestyle Local Facial Perforator Flaps for Coverage of Facial Defects

Abstract

Objective: To assess local freestyle facial perforator flaps in the reconstruction of small to medium-sized facial defects.

Materials and methods: In a case series, local freestyle perforator flaps were used in Suez Canal University Hospital to reconstruct 28 facial defects in 26 patients between 2017 and 2019. Adequate perforators were identified near those defects and flaps were designed as propeller or VY advancement. Four scales from the FACE-Q (satisfaction with facial appearance, satisfaction with the outcome, psychological function, and appearance-related psychosocial distress) and 2 scales from the SCAR-Q (Appearance scale and Symptom scale) were used as well as the observer part of the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale. The mean follow up period was 10 months.

Results: Complete reconstruction was achieved in all cases with a high rate of patient satisfaction which was assessed by FACE-Q and SCAR-Q. Moreover, observer assessment by Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale score showed high patient satisfaction with the scars with a mean (SD) 15.5 (3.4) and there was a positive correlation between subjective and objective: results (r2 from 0.27 to 0.41, P < 0.01). Regarding complications, bulkiness occurred in 2 flaps, congestion in 2 flaps, dehiscence in 1 flap, and tip necrosis in 5 flaps. Accordingly, secondary intervention in the form of medicinal leech therapy was used in 3 flaps, delayed closure for the dehisced flap and debulking for 1 flap.

Conclusions: Local freestyle perforator flap reconstruction is one of the recommended techniques for small to medium-sized facial defects which gives a high aesthetic outcome and patient satisfaction.