[Methemoglobinemia caused by dapsone. Report of one case]

Rev Med Chil. 2020 Dec;148(12):1838-1843. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872020001201838.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Methemoglobinemia is a rare condition with serious consequences if not diagnosed. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with a history of allergy to sulfa drugs and a recent diagnosis of a small vessel vasculitis (ANCA-p) who started induction therapy with corticosteroids and rituximab. Due to the need for infectious prophylaxis, and considering her history, dapsone was administered instead of cotrimoxazole after ruling out glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. During the admission to the hospital for her second dose of rituximab, and while being asymptomatic, she persistently presented a pulse oximetry ≪ 90% despite the administration of O2. Therefore, the infusion was postponed to study the patient. The arterial gasometric study by direct potentiometry revealed an O2 saturation of 98%, with a saturation gap > 5%. Considering the use of dapsone, a methemoglobinemia was suspected and confirmed by co-oximetry (methemoglobinemia 9%). Dapsone was suspended and one week later, her methemoglobinemia was absent.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Dapsone* / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Methemoglobinemia* / chemically induced
  • Methemoglobinemia* / diagnosis
  • Methemoglobinemia* / drug therapy
  • Middle Aged
  • Rituximab
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

Substances

  • Rituximab
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination
  • Dapsone