Virological COVID-19 surveillance in Bavaria, Germany suggests no SARS-CoV-2 spread prior to the first German case in January 2020

Infection. 2021 Oct;49(5):1029-1032. doi: 10.1007/s15010-021-01611-y. Epub 2021 Apr 23.

Abstract

The Bavarian Influenza Sentinel (BIS) monitors the annual influenza season by combining virological and epidemiological data. The 2019/2020 influenza season overlapped with the beginning COVID-19 pandemic thus allowing to investigate whether there was an unnoticed spread of SARS-CoV-2 among outpatients with acute respiratory infections in the community prior to the first COVID-19 cluster in Bavaria. Therefore, we retrospectively analysed oropharyngeal swabs obtained in BIS between calendar week (CW) 39 in 2019 and CW 14 in 2020 for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by RT-PCR. 610 of all 1376 BIS swabs-contained sufficient material to test for SARS-CoV-2, among them 260 oropharyngeal swabs which were collected prior to the first notified German COVID-19 case in CW 04/2020. In none of these swabs SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected suggesting no SARS-CoV-2 spread prior to late January 2020 in Bavaria.

Keywords: COVID-19; Influenza; RT-PCR; SARS-CoV-2; Surveillance.

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19*
  • Germany / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Pandemics
  • RNA, Viral
  • Retrospective Studies
  • SARS-CoV-2

Substances

  • RNA, Viral