Characteristics and outcome of varicella-zoster virus central nervous system infections in adults

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2021 Nov;40(11):2437-2442. doi: 10.1007/s10096-021-04245-y. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Abstract

We conducted an observational retrospective study of all adults hospitalized for documented varicella-zoster virus (VZV) meningitis or encephalitis during years 2000-2015 in one referral centre. Thirty-six patients (21 males, 15 females) were included, with meningitis (n = 21), or meningoencephalitis (n = 15). Median age was 51 years [interquartile range, 35-76], and 6 patients (17%) were immunocompromised. Aciclovir was started in 32 patients (89%), with a median dose of 11 mg/kg/8 h [10-15]. No patient died, but 12 (33%) had neurological sequelae at discharge. Age was the only variable associated with adverse outcome (OR 1.98 [1.17-3.35] per 10-year increment, P = 0.011).

Keywords: Encephalitis; Meningitis; Prognosis; Varicella-zoster virus.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Acyclovir / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Central Nervous System Infections / drug therapy
  • Central Nervous System Infections / immunology
  • Central Nervous System Infections / virology*
  • Female
  • Herpes Zoster / drug therapy
  • Herpes Zoster / immunology
  • Herpes Zoster / virology*
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / genetics
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / isolation & purification
  • Herpesvirus 3, Human / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Acyclovir