High incidence of NMDAR encephalitis among Austronesians: A population-based study in Sabah, Malaysia

J Neuroimmunol. 2021 Jul 15:356:577584. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577584. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

Abstract

NMDAR encephalitis may be more common among non-Caucasians. A population-based study was conducted to estimate its incidence in Sabah, Malaysia, where the population consists predominantly of Austronesians (84%), and with a Chinese minority. Registries of NMDAR encephalitis at neurology referral centers were reviewed for case ascertainment. The annual incidence was 2.29/million (Austronesians: 2.56/million, Chinese: 1.31/million). Among pediatric population, the incidence was: Austronesians: 3.63/million, Chinese: 2.59/million. Our study demonstrated a higher incidence of NMDAR encephalitis among Austronesians than the predominantly Caucasian populations in Europe (0.5-0.9/million; pediatric: 0.7-1.5/million). Racial and genetic factors may contribute to risks of developing NMDAR encephalitis.

Keywords: Asia; Epidemiology; Incidence; NMDA receptor encephalitis; Population study.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / diagnosis*
  • Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / epidemiology*
  • Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / genetics
  • Asian People* / genetics
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Malaysia / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Population Surveillance* / methods
  • White People* / genetics
  • Young Adult