Impact of Radial Access on Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts

Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2022 Mar:36:123-131. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2021.04.026. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the impact of radial access on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) undergoing cardiac catheterization.

Methods: This retrospective monocenter study included 527 CABG patients undergoing cardiac catheterization via radial (58.1%, N = 306) or femoral access (41.9%, N = 221). Primary outcome measure was CI-AKI defined in accordance with the KDIGO criteria. Independent predictors for CI-AKI were assessed. 1-year mortality was assessed depending on the occurrence of CI-AKI.

Results: In total, 99 CABG patients (18.8%) developed CI-AKI within 48 h after cardiac catheterization. Compared to patients without CI-AKI, amount of contrast media used (203.1 ± 102.6 ml vs. 204.2 ± 98.2 ml; P = 0.892) as well as procedural times (87.9 ± 44.8 vs. 79.8 ± 37.0; P = 0.190) were similarly. Regarding vascular access, there was no significant difference in the incidence of CI-AKI between radial and femoral approach (19.0% vs. 18.6%; p = 0.907). However, poor left ventricular ejection fraction (odds ratio [OR] = 1.72, P = 0.026), chronic kidney disease (OR = 2.30, P = 0.001) and acute coronary syndrome (OR = 1.64, P = 0.043) were independent predictors for CI-AKI. The occurrence of CI-AKI was significantly associated with an increased 1-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.52, P = 0.003).

Conclusions: With 18.8%, CI-AKI is a frequent complication in CABG patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Radial access did not decrease the risk when compared to the femoral approach.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; CABG patients; Percutaneous coronary intervention, vascular access.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury* / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / diagnosis
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / epidemiology
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Radial Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke Volume
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left